蜗牛之路

一、执行结果

二、代码

import re
import bs4
import urllib.request
 
url_home = 'http://www.5bug.wang/'  #要采集的网站
url_pattern = url_home + 'post/\d+.html' #正则表达式匹配文章页面，此处需完善为更好的写法
url_set = set()
url_cache = set()
url_count = 0
url_maxCount = 10  #最大采集数量
 
#采集匹配文章内容的href标签
def spiderURL(url, pattern):
    html = urllib.request.urlopen(url).read().decode('utf8')
    soup = bs4.BeautifulSoup(html, 'html.parser')
    links = soup.find_all('a', href = re.compile(pattern))
    for link in links:
        if link['href'] not in url_cache:
            url_set.add(link['href'])   #将网页中的url加入到待采集的集合列表
    return soup
 
#采集的过程  异常处理还需要完善，对于一些加了防采集的站，还需要处理header的，下次我们再学习
spiderURL(url_home, url_pattern)
 
while len(url_set) != 0:
    try:
        url = url_set.pop()  #上面执行了spidrURl函数后，url_set已经有值了，取出集合中的最后一条记录
        url_cache.add(url)   #将url加入到已经采集的集合列表
        soup = spiderURL(url, url_pattern)
        page = soup.find('div', {'class':'main'}) 
        title = page.find('h2').get_text()
        print("title is :",title)
        content = page.find('div',{'class':'article-content single-con'}).get_text() 
        print("content is",content)
        print("-"*100)
    except Exception as e:
        print(url, e)
        continue
    else:
        url_count += 1
    finally:
        if url_count == url_maxCount:
            break
 
print('一共采集了： ' + str(url_count) + ' 条数据')